DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PSYCHOMOTOR COMPETENCY-BASED PROGRAMME FOR RETRAINING ARTISANS IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION WORKS IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA
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- NGN 3000
Background to the Study
The 21st Century is best described as the age of science and technology, exploration, experimentation and development. This has resulted to innovations in all fields of human endeavour with its attendant socioeconomic consequences. Thus, every nation must be abreast with such innovations to be economically viable. In view of this, Dauda, Daniel, Paul and Danlami (2017) opined that Nigeria needs to grow and compete favourably with other nations in business and industry, in new methods and new techniques. This requires not only capital investment, but also a workforce that is knowledgeable and has the flexibility to acquire new skills for new jobs as the structures of the economy and occupations change. The search therefore, is for skilled workers and specialists in new and growing fields such as Technical Education. Training in vocational and technical education is primarily meant to equip the trainee with skills, knowledge and attitude to become self-reliant, enterprising and ready to create environment for self and societal empowerment. The flexibility and productivity of any workforce largely depends on the availability of skilled workers especially technicians and artisans. An artisan is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand. Artisans are also referred to as crafts workers. Thus, artisans are said to possess psychomotor competencies or skills. Psychomotor competency is a competency that borders on manual dexterity and motor skills. Artisans in most cases have little or no theoretical knowledge of their trades. Tsoho (2013) rightly noted that in the present informal sector, electrical craft apprenticeship does not have scheme for training apprentices. Tsoho also observed that many artisans in Nigeria lack theoretical knowledge in their trade areas. This is based on the fact that many of them did not 2 undertake any formal training in their trade area. Very few of them that show little theoretical knowledge of their skills and trade areas passed through technical colleges. There are many trades such as electrical/electronics, mechanic, building, fine arts among others that are prevalent in Nigeria. These trade areas give rise to various categories of artisans. Artisans are categorized based on their trade. For instance, there are electrical installation works artisans (usually called electricians), mechanical works artisans, building construction artisans among others. Electrical installation work is a trade which consists of electrical installation work and repairs. Electrical Installation Works is also one of the trades involved in electrical craft work (Tsoho, 2013). In a more clear term, the Federal Republic of Nigeria in her National Policy on Education (2014) specified trades in electrical craft to include: electrical installation and maintenance work, radio, television and electrical works and appliance repairs. Specifically, National Board for Technical Education, NBTE (2001) listed components of Electrical Installation Works to include Domestic Installation, Industrial Installation, Cable Jointing, Winding of Electrical Machines, Battery Charging and Basic Electricity. In the non-formal sector, electrical installation works artisans usually specialize in one area of these components of Electrical Installation Works. Training in Domestic Installation is meant to provide the trainee with the knowledge and skills for carrying out complete electrical installation in a building and its associated equipment (NBTE, 2001). Skills required for practice may include understanding of electrical drawings, knowledge of different types of domestic surface and conduit wiring, electrical devices’ protection and installation, understanding sequence for inspecting and testing domestic installation, and understanding of various types of lamps for illumination and uses. These skills may be viewed as clusters in domestic installations. Electrical installation works artisans constitute a large percentage of the workforce in the power sector.
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